QMix® irrigant reduces lipopolysacharide (LPS) levels in an in vitro model

Abstract

The presence of endotoxin inside the root canal has been associated with periapical in vitro, the effect of QMix® and other three root canal irrigants in reducing the endotoxin content in root canals. Material and Methods: Root canals of single-rooted teeth were prepared. Samples were detoxified with Co-60 irradiations and inoculates with E. coli LPS (24 h, at 37°C). After that period, samples were divided into 4 groups, according to the irrigation solution tested: QMix®, 17% EDTA, 2% chlorhexidine solution (CHX), and 3% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). LPS quantification was determined by Limulus Amebocyte Lysate (LAL) assay. The initial counting of endotoxins for all samples, and the determination of LPS levels in non-contaminated teeth and in contaminated teeth exposed only to nonpyrogenic water, were used as controls. Results: QMix® reduced LPS levels, with a median value of 1.11 endoxins units (EU)/mL (p<0.001). NaOCl (25.50 EU/mL), chlorhexidine (44.10 EU/mL) and positive control group (26.80 EU/mL) samples had similar results. Higher levels were found with EDTA (176.00 EU/mL) when compared to positive control (p<0.001). There was no significant difference among EDTA, NaOCl and CHX groups. Negative control group (0.005 EU/mL) had statistically significant lower levels of endotoxins when compared to al test groups (p<0.001). Conclusion: QMix® decreased LPS levels when compared to the other groups (p<0.001). 3% NaOCl, 2% CHX and 17% EDTA were not able to significantly reduce the root canal endotoxins load