Initial evaluation in the climacteric

Abstract

Key points Climacteric syndrome is a set of signs and symptoms resulting from the interaction between sociocultural, psychological and endocrine factors occurring in aging women. Its diagnosis is clinical in women with the expected age group for ovarian hypofunction. The term “menopause” refers to the date of the woman's last menstrual bleeding episode and is defined retrospectively. Women in menopausal transition have disease prevention and health promotion needs. Hypoestrogenism associated with aging and metabolic syndrome can lead to lower quality of life and increased occurrence of cardiovascular disease. The medical consultation of climacteric women is an excellent opportunity of screening for chronic diseases and neoplasms. Complementary evaluation for climacteric women must be carried out judiciously. The benefit and risk of each test must be considered. Complementary tests without a specific definition of a diagnostic and therapeutic plan should be avoided. Menopausal hormone therapy (HT) may be indicated to treat climacteric symptoms. Detailed clinical history and rational complementary exams are essential to define the therapeutic plan and follow-up of women undergoing HT.