Self-reported diabetes and factors associated with it in the Brazilian adult population : National Health Survey, 2019

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the prevalence of self-reported diabetes and its associated factors in the Brazilian adult population. It is a cross-sectional study using the 2019 National Health Survey. Prevalence and crude prevalence ratios (PRc) and adjusted prevalence ratios (PRa) of self-reported diabetes were estimated, with confidence intervals (95% CI), using Poisson regression. In the 82,349 adults, the prevalence of self-reported diabetes was 7.7%. Positively associated factors were: advanced age with greater association after 60 years (PRa 24.87; 95%CI 15.78-39.18); living in the Northeast (PRa 1.16; 95%CI 1.04-1.29), Southeast (PRa 1.27; 95% CI 1.14-1.43), South (PRa 1.18; 95%CI 1, 05- 1.34), and Midwest (PRa 1.21; 95%CI 1.06- 1.38); being a former smoker (PRa 1.17; 95%CI 1.09-1.27); self-assessment of regular health (PRa 2.41; 95%CI 2.21-2.64), bad/very bad (PRa 3.45; 95%CI 3.06-3.88); having heart disease (PRa 1.81; 95%CI 1.64-2.00), hypertension (PRa 2.84; 95%CI 2.60-3.69), high cholesterol (PRa 2.22; 95%CI 2.05-2.41), overweight (PRa 1.49; 95%CI 1.36-1.64), and obesity (PRa 2.25; 95%CI 2.05- 2.47). It could be concluded that diabetes in Brazilian adults is associated with sociodemographic factors, aging, lifestyle, and morbidities. These results can guide public policies for the prevention and control of disease in Brazil.

O estudo analisa a prevalência de diabetes autorreferido e fatores associados na população adulta brasileira. Estudo transversal usando a Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde 2019. Estimaram-se as prevalências e razões de prevalência brutas (RPb) e ajustadas (RPa) de diabetes autorreferido, com intervalos de confiança (IC95%), empregando-se regressão de Poisson. Nos 82.349 adultos, a prevalência de diabetes autorreferido foi de 7,7%. Associaram-se positivamente: idade avançada, sendo maior após 60 anos (RPa 24,87; IC95%: 15,78-39,18); residir nas regiões Nordeste (RPa 1,16; IC95%: 1,04-1,29), Sudeste (RPa 1,27; IC95%: 1,14-1,43), Sul (RPa 1,18; IC95%: 1,05- 1,34) e Centro-Oeste (RPa 1,21; IC95%: 1,06- 1,38), ser ex-fumante (RPa 1,17; IC95%: 1,09- 1,27), autoavaliação de saúde regular (RPa 2,41; IC95%: 2,21-2,64), ruim/muito ruim (RPa 3,45; IC95%: 3,06-3,88), ter doença cardíaca (RPa 1,81; IC95%: 1,64-2,00), hipertensão (RPa 2,84; IC95%: 2,60-3,69), colesterol elevado (RPa 2,22; IC95%: 2,05-2,41), sobrepeso (RPa 1,49; IC95%: 1,36-1,64) e obesidade (RPa 2,25; IC95%: 2,05- 2,47). Conclui-se que o diabetes nos adultos brasileiros se associa a fatores sociodemográficos, envelhecimento, estilos de vida e morbidades. Esses resultados podem orientar políticas públicas para prevenção e controle da doença no Brasil.